4. ´ë¸í»ç

1) ´ë¸í»çÀÇ Á¤ÀÇ

´ë¸í»ç¶õ?

¸í»ç¸¦ ´ë½Å ¹Þ´Â ¸í»ç·Î ´ãÈ­ ¶Ç´Â ¹®Àå ¼Ó¿¡ ÁÖ¾îÁø ´ë»óÀ̳ª ¹®Àå ÀÚü¸¦ °¡¸®Å°´Â µ¥ ¾²ÀÌ´Â ´Ü¾îÀÇ ÁýÇÕÀ» ¸»ÇÑ´Ù.


2) ´ë¸í»çÀÇ Á¾·ù

-ÀÎĪ´ë¸í»ç: ƯÁ¤ »ç¶÷À» ÁöĪÇÏ´Â ´ë¸í»ç·Î ÀÎĪ(person), ¼º(gender), ¼ö(number), °Ý(case) ¿¡ µû¶ó ÇüÅ°¡ ¹Ù²ï´Ù.

-Áö½Ã´ë¸í»ç: ºñ±³Àû °¡±î¿î °Å¸®¿¡ ÀÖ´Â ´ë»ó¿¡ ´ëÇÏ¿©´Â this(these)·Î, ºñ±³Àû ¸Õ °Å¸®¿¡ ÀÖ´Â ´ë»ó¿¡ ´ëÇÏ¿©´Â that(those)·Î Ç¥ÇöÇÏ´Â ´ë¸í»çÀÌ´Ù.

-Àǹ®´ë¸í»ç : Àǹ®¹®À» ¸¸µé ¶§ »ç¿ëµÇ¾îÁö´Â who(m)/ whose/ what/ which µîÀ» Àǹ®´ë¸í»ç¶ó°í ÇÑ´Ù.

-ºÎÁ¤´ë¸í»ç: ¾î¶² »ç¶÷À̳ª »ç¹°À» °¡¸®Å°±â´Â Çϳª, ƯÁ¤ÇÑ Áö½Ã ´ë»óÀÌ ÀÖ´Â °ÍÀº ¾Æ´Ñ ´ë¸í»ç¸¦ ¸»ÇÑ´Ù.

all / another / any / both / each / everybody / everyone / few / nobody ¡¦..

-Àç±Í´ë¸í»ç : ´ë¸í»çÀÇ ¼ÒÀ¯°ÝÀ̳ª ¸ñÀû°Ý¿¡ ¡®-self(selves)¡¯ ¸¦ ºÙ¿©¼­ ¸¸µé¾îÁø ´ë¸í»ç·Î ¹®Àå¿¡¼­ ¸ñÀû¾î·Î ¾²ÀÌ´Â Àç±Í¿ë¹ý°ú ÁÖ¾î,¸ñÀû¾î, º¸¾î¸¦ °­Á¶ÇÏ´Â °­Á¶¿ë¹ýÀ¸·Î »ç¿ëµÈ´Ù.

I-myself / we-ourselves / you-yourself (yourselves) / he-himself / she-herself

they-themselves / it-itself

 

3) ÀÎĪ´ë¸í»ç

ÀÎĪ´ë¸í»ç´Â ¹®Àå ¾È¿¡¼­ ±× ¿ªÇÒ¿¡ µû¶ó ÁÖ°Ý, ¼ÒÀ¯°Ý. ¸ñÀû°Ý, ¼ÒÀ¯´ë¸í»çÀÇ °¢±â ´Ù¸¥ ÇüÅ·Π¾²ÀδÙ. ´ÙÀ½ Ç¥¸¦ Âü°íÇÏÀÚ.

ÀÎĪ/¼ö/¼º

ÁÖ°Ý

¼ÒÀ¯°Ý

¸ñÀû°Ý

¼ÒÀ¯´ë¸í»ç

1ÀÎĪ ¼º

±¸ºÐ ¾øÀ½

´Ü¼ö

I

my

me

mine

º¹¼ö

we

our

us

ours

2ÀÎĪ ¼º

±¸ºÐ ¾øÀ½

´Ü¼ö

you

your

you

yours

º¹¼ö

you

your

you

yours

3ÀÎĪ

´Ü¼ö³²¼º

he

his

him

his

´Ü¼ö¿©¼º

she

her

her

hers

´Ü¼öÁß¼º

it

its

it

x

º¹¼ö(»ç¶÷,µ¿¹°)

they

their

them

theirs

* ÁÖ°Ý ´ë¸í»ç (¹®Àå¿¡¼­ ÁÖ¾î ¿ªÇÒÀ» ÇÏ´Â ´ë¸í»ç)

Ex) I have an older sister and she is a stewardess.

³ª¿¡°Ô´Â ´©³ª°¡ ÇÑ ¸í Àִµ¥ ±×³à´Â ½ºÆ©¾îµð½ºÀÌ´Ù.

* ¸ñÀû°Ý ´ë¸í»ç (¹®Àå¿¡¼­ ¸ñÀû¾î ¿ªÇÒÀ» ÇÏ´Â ´ë¸í»ç)

Ex) My mother bought me the complete works of Shakespeare. I like to read those.

³ªÀÇ ¾î¸Ó´Ï²²¼­ ³ª¿¡°Ô ¼ÎÀͽºÇǾî ÀüÁýÀ» »çÁ̴ּÙ. ³ª´Â ±×°ÍµéÀ» Àд °ÍÀ» ÁÁ¾ÆÇÑ´Ù.

* ¼ÒÀ¯´ë¸í»ç: ´©±º°¡ÀÇ ¼ÒÀ¯¸¦ ¶æÇÏ´Â ¸»·Î ¡®~ÀÇ °Í¡¯À¸·Î Çؼ®µÇ¸ç ¼ÒÀ¯Çü¿ë»ç+¸í»ç·Î ¹Ù²Ü ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù.

Ex) It is mine. ±×°ÍÀº ³ªÀÇ °ÍÀÌ´Ù. = It is my doll. ±×°ÍÀº ³ªÀÇ ÀÎÇüÀÌ´Ù.

 

4) Áö½Ã´ë¸í»ç

Áö½Ã´ë¸í»ç´Â ´ë¸í»ç·Îµµ ¾²ÀÌÁö¸¸ µÚ¿¡ ¸í»ç¸¦ ºÙ¿©, this chair, that car µîÀÇ Áö½Ã Çü¿ë»ç·Îµµ ¾²ÀδÙ. ¹®ÀåÀÇ ÁÖ¾î, ¸ñÀû¾î, º¸¾î ÀÚ¸®¿¡ À§Ä¡ °¡´ÉÇÏ´Ù.

Ex) This is not what I bought from this store. ÀÌ°ÍÀº ³»°¡ ÀÌ °¡°Ô¿¡¼­ »ò´ø °ÍÀÌ ¾Æ´Ï´Ù.

Áö½Ã´ë¸í»ç                    Áö½ÃÇü¿ë»ç

That is the hospital where this baby was born. Àú °÷ÀÌ ÀÌ ¾Æ±â°¡ ž º´¿øÀÌ´Ù.

 

5) Àǹ®´ë¸í»ç

¹°À½ÀÇ ´ë»óÀ» ³ªÅ¸³»´Â ´ë¸í»ç·Î µÚ¿¡ ¸í»ç¸¦ µ¿¹ÝÇÏ¿© Àǹ®Çü¿ë»ç·Îµµ »ç¿ëÀÌ °¡´ÉÇÏ´Ù. <who(¼ÒÀ¯°Ý whose / ¸ñÀû°Ý whom), which, what>

Ex) Àǹ®´ë¸í»ç

Who is sleeping in the car? Â÷ ¾È¿¡ ´©°¡ ÀÚ°í ÀÖ´Ï?

What do you read? ³Ê´Â ¹«¾ùÀ» Àаí ÀÖ´Ï?

Cf) Àǹ®Çü¿ë»ç

Whose car is this? ÀÌ°ÍÀº ´©±¸ÀÇ Â÷´Ï?

What book do you read? ³Ê´Â ¹«½¼ Ã¥À» Àаí ÀÖ´Ï?

6) ºÎÁ¤´ë¸í»ç

ƯÁ¤ÀÇ »ç¶÷, »ç¹°À» °¡¸®Å°Áö ¾Ê°í ¸·¿¬ÇÑ »ç¶÷ ¶Ç´Â »ç¹°À» °¡¸®Å°´Â ´ë¸í»ç¸¦ ºÎÁ¤´ë¸í»ç¶ó ÀÏÄ´´Ù.

 

* ºÎÁ¤´ë¸í»çÀÇ Ç¥Çö

- some ¾à°£ÀÇ(±àÁ¤¹®) / any ¾à°£ÀÇ, ¾î¶²~µµ(ºÎÁ¤¹®, Àǹ®¹®)

- all ¸ðµç / both µÑ ´Ù

- neither ¾Æ¹«µµ ~¾Æ´Ï´Ù(µÎ »ç¶÷ °£) / none ¾Æ¹«µµ ~¾Æ´Ï´Ù(µÑ À̻󿡼­)

- one Çϳª(´Ü¼ö¸í»ç¸¦ ´ë½Å) / other ´Ù¸¥ / another (°°Àº Á¾·ù Áß¿¡¼­) ´Ù¸¥ Çϳª

Ex) A: Do you have an eraser? ³Ê´Â Áö¿ì°³¸¦ °¡Áö°í ÀÖ´Ï?

B: Yes, I have one. ÀÀ, Çϳª ÀÖ¾î. (Yes, I have it. - X)

one... the other... : Á¤È®È÷ µÑ Áß¿¡¼­ ( Çϳª´Â ~ , ³ª¸ÓÁö´Â ~ )

I have two friends: one is a doctor and the other is a teacher.

³ª´Â µÎ ¸íÀÇ Ä£±¸°¡ Àִµ¥ ÇÑ ¸íÀº ÀÇ»çÀÌ°í ´Ù¸¥ ÇÑ ¸íÀº ¼±»ý´ÔÀÌ´Ù.

 

one¡¦  another¡¦  the third¡¦: ´Ù¼ö Áß¿¡¼­(Çϳª´Â ~ÀÌ°í¡¦  ¶Ç Çϳª´Â ~ÀÌ°í ¡¦ ¶Ç ´Ù¸¥ Çϳª´Â ~ÀÌ´Ù.)

I have five pens: one is red, another is blue, the third is green.

³ª´Â ´Ù¼¸ °³ÀÇ ÆæÀÌ Àִµ¥ Çϳª´Â »¡°£ »öÀÌ°í ¶Ç Çϳª´Â ÆĶõ»öÀÌ°í ´Ù¸¥ ¶Ç Çϳª´Â ÃÊ·Ï»öÀÌ´Ù.

 

some ~ others ~ : ~ ÇÏ´Â »ç¶÷µµ ÀÖ°í ~ ÇÏ´Â »ç¶÷µµ ÀÖ´Ù

Some like summer, others like winter.

¿©¸§À» ÁÁ¾ÆÇÏ´Â »ç¶÷µµ ÀÖ°í, °Ü¿ïÀ» ÁÁ¾ÆÇÏ´Â »ç¶÷µµ ÀÖ´Ù.

 

some ~ the others ~  : ÀϺδ ~ ÀÌ°í, ³ª¸ÓÁö´Â ¸ðµÎ ~ ÀÌ´Ù

I have five friends in Korea; some are in Seoul, the others are in Cheju.

³ª´Â ´Ù¼¸ ¸íÀÇ Ä£±¸°¡ Çѱ¹¿¡ Àִµ¥ ÀϺδ ¼­¿ï¿¡ ÀÖ°í ³ª¸ÓÁö´Â Á¦ÁÖµµ¿¡ ÀÖ´Ù.

 

one ~ the others~ : Çϳª´Â ~ ÀÌ°í, ³ª¸ÓÁö´Â ¸ðµÎ ~ ÀÌ´Ù.

I have five friends in America; one is in New York, the others are in Boston.

³ª´Â ´Ù¼¸ ¸íÀÇ Ä£±¸°¡ ¹Ì±¹¿¡ Àִµ¥ ÇÑ ¸íÀº ´º¿å¿¡ ÀÖ°í ³ª¸ÓÁö´Â ¸ðµÎ º¸½ºÅÏ¿¡ ÀÖ´Ù.

 

¼­·Î ( each other - µÑ »çÀÌ  / one another - ¼Â ÀÌ»ó )

They love each other. ±×µéÀº ¼­·Î »ç¶ûÇÑ´Ù

They visit one another's houses. ±×µéÀº ¼­·ÎÀÇ ÁýÀ» ¹æ¹®Çß´Ù.