4. ´ë¸í»ç
1) ´ë¸í»çÀÇ
Á¤ÀÇ
´ë¸í»ç¶õ?
¸í»ç¸¦ ´ë½Å ¹Þ´Â ¸í»ç·Î ´ãÈ ¶Ç´Â ¹®Àå ¼Ó¿¡ ÁÖ¾îÁø ´ë»óÀ̳ª ¹®Àå ÀÚü¸¦ °¡¸®Å°´Â
µ¥ ¾²ÀÌ´Â ´Ü¾îÀÇ ÁýÇÕÀ» ¸»ÇÑ´Ù.
2) ´ë¸í»çÀÇ Á¾·ù
-ÀÎĪ´ë¸í»ç: ƯÁ¤ »ç¶÷À» ÁöĪÇÏ´Â ´ë¸í»ç·Î ÀÎĪ(person), ¼º(gender), ¼ö(number), °Ý(case) ¿¡ µû¶ó ÇüÅ°¡ ¹Ù²ï´Ù.
-Áö½Ã´ë¸í»ç: ºñ±³Àû °¡±î¿î °Å¸®¿¡ ÀÖ´Â ´ë»ó¿¡ ´ëÇÏ¿©´Â this(these)·Î, ºñ±³Àû ¸Õ °Å¸®¿¡ ÀÖ´Â ´ë»ó¿¡ ´ëÇÏ¿©´Â that(those)·Î Ç¥ÇöÇÏ´Â ´ë¸í»çÀÌ´Ù.
-Àǹ®´ë¸í»ç : Àǹ®¹®À» ¸¸µé ¶§ »ç¿ëµÇ¾îÁö´Â who(m)/ whose/ what/ which µîÀ» Àǹ®´ë¸í»ç¶ó°í
ÇÑ´Ù.
-ºÎÁ¤´ë¸í»ç: ¾î¶² »ç¶÷À̳ª »ç¹°À» °¡¸®Å°±â´Â Çϳª, ƯÁ¤ÇÑ Áö½Ã ´ë»óÀÌ ÀÖ´Â °ÍÀº ¾Æ´Ñ ´ë¸í»ç¸¦ ¸»ÇÑ´Ù.
all / another / any / both
/ each / everybody / everyone / few / nobody ¡¦..
-Àç±Í´ë¸í»ç : ´ë¸í»çÀÇ ¼ÒÀ¯°ÝÀ̳ª ¸ñÀû°Ý¿¡ ¡®-self(selves)¡¯ ¸¦ ºÙ¿©¼ ¸¸µé¾îÁø ´ë¸í»ç·Î ¹®Àå¿¡¼
¸ñÀû¾î·Î ¾²ÀÌ´Â Àç±Í¿ë¹ý°ú ÁÖ¾î,¸ñÀû¾î, º¸¾î¸¦ °Á¶ÇÏ´Â °Á¶¿ë¹ýÀ¸·Î
»ç¿ëµÈ´Ù.
I-myself / we-ourselves /
you-yourself (yourselves) / he-himself / she-herself
they-themselves /
it-itself
3) ÀÎĪ´ë¸í»ç
ÀÎĪ´ë¸í»ç´Â ¹®Àå ¾È¿¡¼ ±× ¿ªÇÒ¿¡ µû¶ó ÁÖ°Ý, ¼ÒÀ¯°Ý. ¸ñÀû°Ý, ¼ÒÀ¯´ë¸í»çÀÇ °¢±â ´Ù¸¥ ÇüÅ·Π¾²ÀδÙ. ´ÙÀ½
Ç¥¸¦ Âü°íÇÏÀÚ.
ÀÎĪ/¼ö/¼º |
ÁÖ°Ý |
¼ÒÀ¯°Ý |
¸ñÀû°Ý |
¼ÒÀ¯´ë¸í»ç |
|
1ÀÎĪ ¼º ±¸ºÐ ¾øÀ½ |
´Ü¼ö |
I |
my |
me |
mine |
º¹¼ö |
we |
our |
us |
ours |
|
2ÀÎĪ ¼º ±¸ºÐ ¾øÀ½ |
´Ü¼ö |
you |
your |
you |
yours |
º¹¼ö |
you |
your |
you |
yours |
|
3ÀÎĪ |
´Ü¼ö³²¼º |
he |
his |
him |
his |
´Ü¼ö¿©¼º |
she |
her |
her |
hers |
|
´Ü¼öÁß¼º |
it |
its |
it |
x |
|
º¹¼ö(»ç¶÷,µ¿¹°) |
they |
their |
them |
theirs |
* ÁÖ°Ý ´ë¸í»ç (¹®Àå¿¡¼
ÁÖ¾î ¿ªÇÒÀ» ÇÏ´Â ´ë¸í»ç)
Ex) I have an older sister and she is
a stewardess.
³ª¿¡°Ô´Â ´©³ª°¡ ÇÑ ¸í Àִµ¥ ±×³à´Â ½ºÆ©¾îµð½ºÀÌ´Ù.
* ¸ñÀû°Ý ´ë¸í»ç (¹®Àå¿¡¼ ¸ñÀû¾î ¿ªÇÒÀ» ÇÏ´Â ´ë¸í»ç)
Ex) My mother bought me the complete works of Shakespeare. I like
to read those.
³ªÀÇ ¾î¸Ó´Ï²²¼ ³ª¿¡°Ô ¼ÎÀͽºÇǾî ÀüÁýÀ» »çÁ̴ּÙ. ³ª´Â ±×°ÍµéÀ» Àд °ÍÀ» ÁÁ¾ÆÇÑ´Ù.
* ¼ÒÀ¯´ë¸í»ç: ´©±º°¡ÀÇ ¼ÒÀ¯¸¦ ¶æÇÏ´Â ¸»·Î ¡®~ÀÇ °Í¡¯À¸·Î Çؼ®µÇ¸ç
¼ÒÀ¯Çü¿ë»ç+¸í»ç·Î ¹Ù²Ü ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù.
Ex) It is mine. ±×°ÍÀº ³ªÀÇ °ÍÀÌ´Ù. = It is my doll. ±×°ÍÀº ³ªÀÇ ÀÎÇüÀÌ´Ù.
4) Áö½Ã´ë¸í»ç
Áö½Ã´ë¸í»ç´Â ´ë¸í»ç·Îµµ ¾²ÀÌÁö¸¸ µÚ¿¡ ¸í»ç¸¦ ºÙ¿©, this chair, that car µîÀÇ Áö½Ã Çü¿ë»ç·Îµµ ¾²ÀδÙ. ¹®ÀåÀÇ ÁÖ¾î, ¸ñÀû¾î,
º¸¾î ÀÚ¸®¿¡ À§Ä¡ °¡´ÉÇÏ´Ù.
Ex) This
is not what I bought from this store. ÀÌ°ÍÀº
³»°¡ ÀÌ °¡°Ô¿¡¼ »ò´ø °ÍÀÌ ¾Æ´Ï´Ù.
Áö½Ã´ë¸í»ç
Áö½ÃÇü¿ë»ç
That is the hospital where this baby
was born. Àú °÷ÀÌ ÀÌ ¾Æ±â°¡ ÅÂ¾î³ º´¿øÀÌ´Ù.
5) Àǹ®´ë¸í»ç
¹°À½ÀÇ ´ë»óÀ» ³ªÅ¸³»´Â ´ë¸í»ç·Î µÚ¿¡ ¸í»ç¸¦ µ¿¹ÝÇÏ¿© Àǹ®Çü¿ë»ç·Îµµ
»ç¿ëÀÌ °¡´ÉÇÏ´Ù. <who(¼ÒÀ¯°Ý whose / ¸ñÀû°Ý whom), which, what>
Ex) Àǹ®´ë¸í»ç
Who is sleeping in the car? Â÷ ¾È¿¡ ´©°¡ ÀÚ°í ÀÖ´Ï?
What do you read? ³Ê´Â ¹«¾ùÀ»
Àаí ÀÖ´Ï?
Cf) Àǹ®Çü¿ë»ç
Whose car is this? ÀÌ°ÍÀº ´©±¸ÀÇ
Â÷´Ï?
What book do you read? ³Ê´Â ¹«½¼
Ã¥À» Àаí ÀÖ´Ï?
6) ºÎÁ¤´ë¸í»ç
ƯÁ¤ÀÇ »ç¶÷, »ç¹°À» °¡¸®Å°Áö ¾Ê°í ¸·¿¬ÇÑ »ç¶÷ ¶Ç´Â »ç¹°À» °¡¸®Å°´Â ´ë¸í»ç¸¦ ºÎÁ¤´ë¸í»ç¶ó ÀÏÄ´´Ù.
* ºÎÁ¤´ë¸í»çÀÇ
Ç¥Çö
- some ¾à°£ÀÇ(±àÁ¤¹®) / any ¾à°£ÀÇ, ¾î¶²~µµ(ºÎÁ¤¹®, Àǹ®¹®)
- all ¸ðµç / both µÑ ´Ù
- neither ¾Æ¹«µµ ~¾Æ´Ï´Ù(µÎ »ç¶÷ °£) / none ¾Æ¹«µµ ~¾Æ´Ï´Ù(µÑ À̻󿡼)
- one Çϳª(´Ü¼ö¸í»ç¸¦ ´ë½Å) / other ´Ù¸¥ / another (°°Àº Á¾·ù Áß¿¡¼) ´Ù¸¥ Çϳª
Ex) A: Do you have an eraser? ³Ê´Â Áö¿ì°³¸¦ °¡Áö°í ÀÖ´Ï?
B:
Yes, I have one. ÀÀ, Çϳª ÀÖ¾î. (Yes, I
have it. - X)
one... the
other... : Á¤È®È÷ µÑ Áß¿¡¼ ( Çϳª´Â ~ , ³ª¸ÓÁö´Â ~ )
I have two friends:
one is a doctor and the other is a teacher.
³ª´Â µÎ ¸íÀÇ Ä£±¸°¡ Àִµ¥ ÇÑ ¸íÀº ÀÇ»çÀÌ°í ´Ù¸¥ ÇÑ ¸íÀº ¼±»ý´ÔÀÌ´Ù.
one¡¦ another¡¦ the third¡¦: ´Ù¼ö Áß¿¡¼(Çϳª´Â ~ÀÌ°í¡¦ ¶Ç Çϳª´Â ~ÀÌ°í ¡¦ ¶Ç ´Ù¸¥ Çϳª´Â ~ÀÌ´Ù.)
I have five
pens: one is red, another is blue, the third is green.
³ª´Â ´Ù¼¸ °³ÀÇ ÆæÀÌ Àִµ¥ Çϳª´Â »¡°£ »öÀÌ°í ¶Ç Çϳª´Â ÆĶõ»öÀÌ°í ´Ù¸¥ ¶Ç Çϳª´Â ÃÊ·Ï»öÀÌ´Ù.
some ~ others ~
: ~ ÇÏ´Â »ç¶÷µµ ÀÖ°í ~ ÇÏ´Â »ç¶÷µµ ÀÖ´Ù
Some like summer, others
like winter.
¿©¸§À» ÁÁ¾ÆÇÏ´Â »ç¶÷µµ ÀÖ°í, °Ü¿ïÀ» ÁÁ¾ÆÇÏ´Â »ç¶÷µµ ÀÖ´Ù.
some ~ the
others ~ : ÀϺδ ~ ÀÌ°í, ³ª¸ÓÁö´Â ¸ðµÎ ~ ÀÌ´Ù
I have five
friends in Korea; some are in Seoul, the others are in Cheju.
³ª´Â ´Ù¼¸ ¸íÀÇ Ä£±¸°¡ Çѱ¹¿¡ Àִµ¥ ÀϺδ ¼¿ï¿¡ ÀÖ°í ³ª¸ÓÁö´Â Á¦ÁÖµµ¿¡ ÀÖ´Ù.
one ~ the
others~ : Çϳª´Â ~ ÀÌ°í, ³ª¸ÓÁö´Â ¸ðµÎ ~ ÀÌ´Ù.
I have five
friends in America; one is in New York, the others are in Boston.
³ª´Â ´Ù¼¸ ¸íÀÇ Ä£±¸°¡ ¹Ì±¹¿¡ Àִµ¥ ÇÑ ¸íÀº ´º¿å¿¡ ÀÖ°í ³ª¸ÓÁö´Â ¸ðµÎ º¸½ºÅÏ¿¡ ÀÖ´Ù.
¼·Î ( each other - µÑ »çÀÌ / one
another - ¼Â ÀÌ»ó )
They love each
other. ±×µéÀº ¼·Î »ç¶ûÇÑ´Ù
They visit one
another's houses. ±×µéÀº ¼·ÎÀÇ ÁýÀ» ¹æ¹®Çß´Ù.